Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a spiral-shaped bacterium attached to or just above the gastric mucosa. The organism can persist in the stomach indefinitely and may not cause clinical illness many years after its infection. H. pylori is associated with the development of gastrointestinal disorders as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric adenocarcinoma. H. pylori is also involved in the development of other extra-gastric disorders such as mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALT), idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, vitamin B12 deficiency, and iron deficiency. H. pylori gastric infection is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases worldwide, with an estimate of 40%-50% of the world population.
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