The Charpy impact test, named after French scientist Georges Charpy, is a crucial method for assessing the toughness and impact resistance of materials. This test involves striking a notched specimen with a controlled weight pendulum hammer and measuring the energy absorbed by the material during fracture. The test is widely used in the materials science and engineering fields to evaluate the brittleness or ductility of materials, particularly metals. The results help predict how materials will behave under sudden impacts or harsh conditions, ensuring their suitability for various industrial applications.