Starch, being the most abundant carbohydrate reservoir in plants, serves as a critical energy source and structural component. Starch derivatives are created through various chemical modifications such as oxidation, esterification, or etherification, altering the chemical structure of D-glucopyranosyl units within the starch molecule. These modifications serve several purposes, including altering gelatinization and cooking characteristics, reducing retrogradation and gelling tendencies, increasing water-holding capacity, enhancing hydrophilic or hydrophobic properties, and introducing ionic substituents. Such modifications are crucial for tailoring starch derivatives to specific industrial and consumer applications, providing functionalities such as thickening, gelling, binding, adhesive, and film-forming properties.
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