Data encryption is a security method where information is encoded and can only be accessed or decrypted by users with the correct encryption key. Encrypted data, also known as ciphertext, appears scrambled or unreadable to persons or entities accessing without permission. Tokenization is the process of turning sensitive data into non-sensitive data called 'tokens' that can be used in a database or internal system without bringing it into scope. Data masking is a data security technique where a dataset is copied, but sensitive data is obfuscated.