Fumigation processes protect agriculture’s productivity, removing invasive organisms from soil beds, cartons, grow bags, hoop houses, feed bunkers, and tub systems. Fumigants include formalin, hexachloroethane, dimethylaniline, peracetic acid, benzyl chloride, and sodium azide. Equipment features sprayers, nozzles, fume hoods, sealants, clamp kits, containers, alarms, heat panels, vacuums. Participants include regulatory boards, NGOs, fumigation specialists, agricultural officers, educational institutions, hardware dealers, warehousing agents, and consultants. Functions deliver pest control, disease resistance, purity maintenance, food safety, and handling improvement. Obstacles include environmental exposure, labor constraints, regional laws, and awareness gaps. Market advancement focuses on machine vision, real-time diagnostics, remote sensing, and biodegradable input.